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Sulky

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   [7]Sulky and horse in Simoca, the 'sulky capital' of Argentina. 
   Sulky and horse in [8]Simoca, the 'sulky capital' of [9]Argentina.
   [10]Roadster style sulkies in eastern Europe 
   Roadster style sulkies in eastern Europe

   A sulky is a lightweight [11]cart having two wheels and a seat for the
   driver only but usually without a body. It was pulled by horses or
   dogs, and is used for [12]harness races. The term is also used for a
   light [13]stroller, an arch mounted on wheels or crawler tracks and
   used in [14]logging, or other types of [15]vehicle having wheels and
   usually a seat for the driver, such as a [16]plough, lister or
   [17]cultivator.

Contents

     * [18]1 Horse sulky
          + [19]1.1 Sulkies used in harness racing
     * [20]2 Dog sulky
     * [21]3 See also

[[22]edit] Horse sulky

   A sulky for [23]horses is a lightweight two-wheeled, single-seat
   racing cart that is used as a form of [24]rural transport in many
   parts of the world, and in most forms of [25]harness racing in the
   [26]United States, [27]Australia, [28]Canada and [29]New Zealand,
   including both [30]trotting and [31]pacing races. They are called
   "sulkies" because of the solitary confinement of the driver (see, for
   example, "The Encyclopaedia of Driving" 1979, by Sallie Walrond). Race
   sulkies come in two categories,
     * Traditional symmetrical sulkies
     * Asymmetric or "offset" sulkies

   The asymmetric sulky was patented in Australia in the [32]1980s and
   came to prominence in [33]1987 when a two-year-old [34]gelding named
   Rowleyalla used one to break the then world record for his category by
   a colossal seventeen times the biggest previous margin that any
   southern hemisphere horse had ever broken a world mile record. At 3.4
   seconds under the existing mark, it was also the greatest margin by
   which any world harness racing record was broken in that year.

   In [35]1990 the asymmetric sulky was introduced into North America,
   winning seven of its first nine starts at [36]Freehold, NJ. Today the
   great majority of sulky manufacturers in North America are producing
   asymmetric sulkies.

   An additional sulky type is the "team-to-pole" or "pairs" sulky, a
   lightweight single seat sulky designed for draft by two horses
   abreast.

   These may also be split into two types:
     * Traditional pole and yoke with draft by traces.
     * Dorsal hitch with draft direct from the saddle to the yoke and,
       via the pole, to the sulky.

   Of the two, the dorsal hitch pairs sulky is the most recent, holding
   all current world pairs speed records over the mile to [37]July 31,
   [38]2005.

[[39]edit] Sulkies used in harness racing

   [40]Racing sulkies 
   Racing sulkies

   There are two types of sulkies used in [41]harness racing.
     * Jog Carts, used only for training, are bigger and bulkier than a
       racing bike. The shafts are normally made out of wood, but may be
       aluminum, steel or stainless steel. They have bigger seats which
       requires less athleticism to sit upon. The most modern styles
       provide full independent suspension by hydraulic dampers and
       progressive rate coil springs. These give both a smoother ride and
       higher speed than traditional types. They are also lighter.

     * Race Bikes are the only style allowed to be used in races or
       qualifying heats. They are more compact and aerodynamic than a jog
       cart, have a smaller seat that reduces weight, but require more
       athleticism for the driver to sit upon. Shafts may be of carbon
       fibre, aluminum, titanium, stainless steel or, less often, wood.

   When it rains, or the track has excessive moisture, trainers and
   drivers are required to put plastic mud flaps on the back of the
   wheels. All race bikes must comply with the relevant procedures and
   standards in order to be approved. In no way can a race bike have any
   component that will directly interfere with another horse or driver.

[[42]edit] Dog sulky

   [43]Dog-Cart 
   Dog-Cart

   Smaller sulkies are also used for [44]dogs, both for racing and as
   [45]transportation.

   The dog driving sulkies can be divided into two main types:
     * Conventional two-shaft carts attaching to harness on either side
       of the dog or dogs.
     * Single-shaft dorsal hitch carts, which attach to a single point on
       top of the dog's shoulders.

   A further distinction may be made between sulkies with the axles
   rigidly connected to the vehicle, and those with the axles insulated
   from the vehicle by springs and dampers. Those with springs and
   dampers may be further divided into single-axle sprung carts and
   "independent suspension" sprung and damped carts. Needless to say,
   those with independent suspension by coil springs and dampers tend to
   be both more expensive and smoother riding.

   Driving sulky construction materials run the full gamut from timber,
   through powder-coated steel tube, aluminum tube, and stainless steel
   tube. The very latest types (currently undergoing field tests in
   California) use nanotechnology-based stainless steels of prodigious
   strength-to-weight ratio.

   The great majority of driving sulkies available have the wheel axles
   rigidly affixed to the frames. This makes for a rough ride on anything
   but smooth surfaces such as pavement. But in recent years lightweight,
   single shaft, independent suspension, driving sulkies have been
   introduced. These allow safe high speed use in off-road conditions.

   The most recent designs are of the single shaft type, as proponents
   believe that this type gives the dog(s) greater freedom, less
   possibility of injury, and a quicker and easier training regime. A
   single shaft dog sulky, made of stainless steel tube and fitted with
   independent suspension and disc brakes, weighs a little under 18 kg.
   The highest speed so far recorded in one of these sulkies being 64.8
   kilometers per hour (February 22, 2007, Australia).

   However, as at [46]August 2005, multiple shaft types are still the
   most common.

   For off-road use, dog sulkies with sprung and damped independent
   suspension systems offer greatly improved comfort and safety over
   traditional unsprung types.

[[47]edit] See also

     * Dog [48]carting
     * [49]Harness racing
     * [50]Roadster (horse)

   Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
   [51]Sulky
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