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The Furies, Goddesses of Vengence

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The Furies are three terrible ancient Greek goddesses with wings and serpentine hair who pursue and punish people who have done evil and not been punished. In Greek they are called 'Ερινυς, Ερινυες'. The Eumenides is a euphemism for them. The word 'Eumenides' means 'kindly, well disposed and is from Indo European 'eu-2', 'lacking' and 'men-1', 'To think'. The word 'Erinys' does not seem to have an Indo-European derivation. Eumenides may be a Mycenaean name for Minoan goddesses.

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The Furies were just the opposite of rebellious women. They fought ਍昀漀爀 氀愀眀 愀渀搀 漀爀搀攀爀 愀渀搀 瀀甀渀椀猀栀攀搀 挀爀椀洀椀渀愀氀猀⸀  吀栀攀礀 栀漀甀渀搀攀搀 洀愀渀礀 挀爀椀洀椀渀愀氀猀 琀漀 琀栀攀椀爀ഀഀ death. Sometimes they are referred to as the Nameless goddesses. ਍吀栀攀 䔀爀椀渀礀攀猀Ⰰ 漀爀 䘀甀爀椀攀猀Ⰰ 眀攀爀攀 栀漀爀爀椀戀氀攀 愀挀挀漀爀搀椀渀最 琀漀 伀爀攀猀琀攀猀⸀  䠀攀 猀愀椀搀ഀഀ they were all black with long hair like snakes and eyes dripping of blood. ਍匀椀渀挀攀 琀栀攀 䘀甀爀椀攀猀 愀爀攀 眀漀洀攀渀 琀栀攀 爀攀氀椀最椀漀甀猀 挀攀爀攀洀漀渀椀攀猀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀洀 洀甀猀琀 戀攀 瀀攀爀昀漀爀洀攀搀ഀഀ by women. Pausanius (1.28.1) says that the Athenians had a temple to the ਍最漀搀搀攀猀猀攀猀 眀栀椀挀栀 琀栀攀礀 挀愀氀氀攀搀 䄀甀最甀猀琀 漀爀 嘀攀渀攀爀愀戀氀攀 戀甀琀 䠀攀猀椀漀搀 挀愀氀氀猀 琀栀攀 䔀爀椀渀礀攀猀ഀഀ or Furies. He says it was Aeschylus who first represented them with snakes in ਍琀栀攀椀爀 栀愀椀爀⸀  䠀攀 愀氀猀漀 爀攀昀攀爀猀 琀漀 琀栀攀洀 愀猀 甀渀搀攀爀眀漀爀氀搀 搀攀椀琀椀攀猀⸀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ ਍㰀瀀㸀倀愀甀猀愀渀椀愀猀 猀愀礀猀 ⠀㠀⸀㌀㐀⸀㄀⤀ ∀堀堀堀䤀嘀⸀ 䄀猀 礀漀甀 最漀 昀爀漀洀 䴀攀最愀氀漀瀀漀氀椀猀 琀漀 䴀攀猀猀攀渀攀Ⰰഀഀ after advancing about seven stades, there stands on the left of the highway a ਍猀愀渀挀琀甀愀爀礀 漀昀 最漀搀搀攀猀猀攀猀⸀ 吀栀攀礀 挀愀氀氀 琀栀攀 最漀搀搀攀猀猀攀猀 琀栀攀洀猀攀氀瘀攀猀Ⰰ 愀猀 眀攀氀氀 愀猀 琀栀攀ഀഀ district around the sanctuary, Maniae (Madnesses). In my view this is a ਍猀甀爀渀愀洀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 䔀甀洀攀渀椀搀攀猀㬀 椀渀 昀愀挀琀 琀栀攀礀 猀愀礀 琀栀愀琀 椀琀 眀愀猀 栀攀爀攀 琀栀愀琀 洀愀搀渀攀猀猀ഀഀ overtook Orestes as punishment for shedding his mother's blood. [2] Not far ਍昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 猀愀渀挀琀甀愀爀礀 椀猀 愀 洀漀甀渀搀 漀昀 攀愀爀琀栀Ⰰ 漀昀 渀漀 最爀攀愀琀 猀椀稀攀Ⰰ 猀甀爀洀漀甀渀琀攀搀 戀礀 愀ഀഀ finger made of stone; the name, indeed, of the mound is the Tomb of the Finger. ਍䠀攀爀攀Ⰰ 椀琀 椀猀 猀愀椀搀Ⰰ 伀爀攀猀琀攀猀 漀渀 氀漀猀椀渀最 栀椀猀 眀椀琀猀 戀椀琀 漀昀昀 漀渀攀 昀椀渀最攀爀 漀昀 漀渀攀 漀昀 栀椀猀ഀഀ hands. Adjoining this place is another, called Ace (Remedies) because in it ਍伀爀攀猀琀攀猀 眀愀猀 挀甀爀攀搀 漀昀 栀椀猀 洀愀氀愀搀礀⸀ 䠀攀爀攀 琀漀漀 琀栀攀爀攀 椀猀 愀 猀愀渀挀琀甀愀爀礀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀ഀഀ Eumenides. [3] The story is that, when these goddesses were about to put ਍伀爀攀猀琀攀猀 漀甀琀 漀昀 栀椀猀 洀椀渀搀Ⰰ 琀栀攀礀 愀瀀瀀攀愀爀攀搀 琀漀 栀椀洀 戀氀愀挀欀㬀 戀甀琀 眀栀攀渀 栀攀 栀愀搀 戀椀琀琀攀渀ഀഀ off his finger they seemed to him again to be white and he recovered his ਍猀攀渀猀攀猀 愀琀 琀栀攀 猀椀最栀琀⸀ 匀漀 栀攀 漀昀昀攀爀攀搀 愀 猀椀渀ⴀ漀昀昀攀爀椀渀最 琀漀 琀栀攀 戀氀愀挀欀 最漀搀搀攀猀猀攀猀 琀漀ഀഀ avert their wrath, while to the white deities he sacrificed a thank-offering. ਍䤀琀 椀猀 挀甀猀琀漀洀愀爀礀 琀漀 猀愀挀爀椀昀椀挀攀 琀漀 琀栀攀 䜀爀愀挀攀猀 愀氀猀漀 愀氀漀渀最 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 䔀甀洀攀渀椀搀攀猀⸀∀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ ਍㰀瀀㸀䠀攀猀椀漀搀 猀愀礀猀㨀 ∀⠀氀氀⸀ 㠀　㈀ⴀ㠀　㐀⤀ 䄀瘀漀椀搀 昀椀昀琀栀 搀愀礀猀㨀 琀栀攀礀 愀爀攀 甀渀欀椀渀搀氀礀 愀渀搀 琀攀爀爀椀戀氀攀⸀ഀഀ On a fifth day, they say, the Erinyes assisted at the birth of ਍䠀漀爀挀甀猀 ⠀伀愀琀栀⤀ 眀栀漀洀 䔀爀椀猀 ⠀匀琀爀椀昀攀⤀ 戀愀爀攀 琀漀 琀爀漀甀戀氀攀 琀栀攀 昀漀爀猀眀漀爀渀⸀∀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ ਍㰀瀀㸀䠀攀猀椀漀搀 猀愀礀猀㨀 ∀⠀氀氀⸀ ㄀㜀㘀ⴀ㈀　㘀⤀ 䄀渀搀 䠀攀愀瘀攀渀 挀愀洀攀Ⰰ 戀爀椀渀最椀渀最 漀渀 渀椀最栀琀 愀渀搀 氀漀渀最椀渀最ഀഀ for love, and he lay about Earth spreading himself full upon her (7). ਍吀栀攀渀 琀栀攀 猀漀渀 昀爀漀洀 栀椀猀 愀洀戀甀猀栀 猀琀爀攀琀挀栀攀搀 昀漀爀琀栀 栀椀猀 氀攀昀琀 栀愀渀搀 愀渀搀 椀渀ഀഀ his right took the great long sickle with jagged teeth, and ਍猀眀椀昀琀氀礀 氀漀瀀瀀攀搀 漀昀昀 栀椀猀 漀眀渀 昀愀琀栀攀爀✀猀 洀攀洀戀攀爀猀 愀渀搀 挀愀猀琀 琀栀攀洀 愀眀愀礀 琀漀ഀഀ fall behind him. And not vainly did they fall from his hand; for ਍愀氀氀 琀栀攀 戀氀漀漀搀礀 搀爀漀瀀猀 琀栀愀琀 最甀猀栀攀搀 昀漀爀琀栀 䔀愀爀琀栀 爀攀挀攀椀瘀攀搀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 愀猀 琀栀攀ഀഀ seasons moved round she bare the strong Erinyes and the great ਍䜀椀愀渀琀猀 眀椀琀栀 最氀攀愀洀椀渀最 愀爀洀漀爀Ⰰ 栀漀氀搀椀渀最 氀漀渀最 猀瀀攀愀爀猀 椀渀 琀栀攀椀爀 栀愀渀搀猀ഀഀ and the Nymphs whom they call Meliae (8) all over the boundless ਍攀愀爀琀栀⸀∀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ ਍㰀瀀㸀䠀漀洀攀爀 猀愀礀猀㨀 ⠀伀搀礀猀猀攀礀Ⰰ 䈀漀漀欀 堀堀⤀ ∀䤀琀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 攀瘀攀渀 愀猀 眀栀攀渀 琀栀攀ഀഀ storm winds bare away the daughters of Pandareus. Their ਍昀愀琀栀攀爀 愀渀搀 琀栀攀椀爀 洀漀琀栀攀爀 琀栀攀 最漀搀猀 栀愀搀 猀氀愀椀渀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 洀愀椀搀攀渀猀ഀഀ were left orphans in the halls, and fair Aphrodite ਍挀栀攀爀椀猀栀攀搀 琀栀攀洀 眀椀琀栀 挀甀爀搀猀 愀渀搀 猀眀攀攀琀 栀漀渀攀礀 愀渀搀 搀攀氀椀挀椀漀甀猀ഀഀ wine. And Here gave them beauty and wisdom beyond the lot ਍漀昀 眀漀洀攀渀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 栀漀氀礀 䄀爀琀攀洀椀猀 搀漀眀攀爀攀搀 琀栀攀洀 眀椀琀栀 猀琀愀琀甀爀攀Ⰰ 愀渀搀ഀഀ Athene taught them skill in all famous handiwork. Now while ਍昀愀椀爀 䄀瀀栀爀漀搀椀琀攀 眀愀猀 眀攀渀搀椀渀最 琀漀 栀椀最栀 伀氀礀洀瀀甀猀Ⰰ 琀漀 瀀爀愀礀 琀栀愀琀 愀ഀഀ glad marriage might be accomplished for the maidens,--and ਍琀漀 娀攀甀猀 猀栀攀 眀攀渀琀 眀栀漀猀攀 樀漀礀 椀猀 椀渀 琀栀攀 琀栀甀渀搀攀爀Ⰰ 昀漀爀 栀攀 欀渀漀眀猀ഀഀ all things well, what the fates give and deny to mortal ਍洀攀渀ⴀⴀ椀渀 琀栀攀 洀攀愀渀眀栀椀氀攀 琀栀攀 猀瀀椀爀椀琀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 猀琀漀爀洀 猀渀愀琀挀栀攀搀ഀഀ away these maidens, and gave them to be handmaids to the ਍栀愀琀攀昀甀氀 䔀爀椀渀礀攀猀⸀∀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ ਍㰀瀀㸀䠀漀洀攀爀 猀愀礀猀㨀 ⠀䤀氀椀愀搀Ⰰ 䈀漀漀欀 䤀堀⤀ ∀䈀甀琀 洀礀 昀愀琀栀攀爀 猀漀漀渀 挀愀洀攀 琀漀 欀渀漀眀Ⰰ 愀渀搀ഀഀ cursed me bitterly, calling the dread Erinyes to witness."

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Homer says: (Iliad, Book XV) "Sensible people are open to argument, and you ਍欀渀漀眀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀 䔀爀椀渀礀攀猀 愀氀眀愀礀猀 爀愀渀最攀 琀栀攀洀猀攀氀瘀攀猀 漀渀 琀栀攀 猀椀搀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 漀氀搀攀爀ഀഀ person."

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Homer says: (Iliad, Book XIX) "I call also Earth and Sun and the Erinyes who ਍搀眀攀氀氀 戀攀氀漀眀 愀渀搀 琀愀欀攀 瘀攀渀最攀愀渀挀攀 漀渀 栀椀洀 眀栀漀 猀栀愀氀氀 猀眀攀愀爀 昀愀氀猀攀氀礀Ⰰ⸀⸀⸀∀㰀⼀瀀㸀ഀഀ ਍㰀瀀㸀䠀漀洀攀爀 猀愀礀猀 ⠀䤀氀椀愀搀 䈀漀漀欀 堀䤀堀⤀ ∀琀栀愀琀 䄀挀栀椀氀氀攀猀✀ 栀漀爀猀攀 爀攀猀瀀漀渀搀猀 琀漀 栀椀猀 琀愀甀渀琀ഀഀ "When he had thus said the Erinyes stayed his speech,..."

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